Quartz is the most common mineral in the Earth’s surface, and worktops are made up of 93% natural quartz. There are only three natural minerals harder than quartz – diamond, sapphire and topaz.
Quartz exists in two forms, the normal quartz and the high-temperature quartz, both of which are chiral. (asymmetric in such a way that the structure and its mirror image cannot be placed on top of each other to give the same molecule.) The transformation from normal quartz to high temperature quartz takes place abruptly at 573 °C. The transformation is accompanied by a significant change in volume and can easily induce fracturing of ceramics or rocks passing through this temperature threshold.
There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semi-precious gemstones. Since antiquity, varieties of quartz have been the most commonly used minerals in the making of jewellery and hardstone carvings.
Today, Quartz worktops have become exceedingly popular, the fabulous aesthetics and durability of quartz along with the look of a natural stone that requires minimal maintenance has become a choice for worktops.